Комментарии:In Kodagu and Tulu the root is augmented by the nominal suffix -i.
Номер по DED:0047
Праюжно-дравидийский:*ac-
Значение:weaver's reed
Тамильский:accu
Тамильское значение:weaver's reed instrument for pressing down the threads of the woof; comb-like frame in a loom through which the warp threads are passed and by which they are pressed or battened together
Малаялам:accu
Малаяльское значение:weaver's reed or stay
Каннада:accu
Каннада значение:weaver's reed
Тулу:acci
Тулу значение:weaver's reed
Комментарии:Could this in any way be related to *ac- 'mould, type'?
Номер по DED:0048
Праюжно-дравидийский:*ac-
Значение:ridge in a field
Тамильский:accu
Тамильское значение:ridge in a field
Тамильские производные:accu-kkaṭṭu (-kkaṭṭi-) to form a ridge around a field; accukkaṭṭu field with ridges, land divided into beds to admit and retain water for the cultivation of paddy
Комментарии:The word is also present in Telugu, but nowhere else. Any metaphoric relation to *ac- 'mould, type' or *ac- 'weaver's reed'?
Номер по DED:0049
Праюжно-дравидийский:*ac- ~ *asa-
Значение:a k. of insect
Тамильский:acal
Тамильское значение:mosquito
Тамильские производные:acaval gnat; acar_u minute insect that sticks on leaves and injures plants; acukuṇi small insect breeding and feeding on plants; acuvuṇi a destructive insect; añal, añalam sp. of gnat
Малаялам:accu
Малаяльское значение:a little snail
Комментарии:Possibly several different forms (from non-Dravidian sources?).
Номер по DED:0040
Праюжно-дравидийский:*açal-
Значение:neighbourhood
Тамильский:ayal, acal
Тамильское значение:neighbourhood, adjacent place, being foreign or alien
Малаяльские производные:aila, ayila a fish; ayira a kind of small fish, loach
Комментарии:A Tamil-Malayalam isogloss. Inlaut -i- in Tam. ayirai, etc., is due to the assimilative influence of -y- in this position. The two variants with -r- and -l- appear to be dialectal.
Номер по DED:0191
Праюжно-дравидийский:*aḍa-
Значение:to throw, cast out
Тулу:aḍakuni
Тулу значение:to throw, cast out, discharge (as a gun)
Комментарии:The only known parallel is Telugu aḍarincu.
Каннада производные:adaṭatana state of being heroic; adaṭa a very firm man, a mighty, powerful, or heroic man
Комментарии:Burrow & Emeneau join these forms in DEDR, which is somewhat questionable. Kan. adaṭu and derivative forms do look like verbal derivates, but from a stem like *adaḷ-t- rather than *adai- (to the best of my knowledge, -ṭ- does not function as an individual suffix in Dravidian), and there is no evidence for *adaḷ- per se. It is not excluded that for both Kan. adaṭu and Tel. adaṭu id. some extra-Dravidian source should be looked up.
Тамильское значение:to submit, be subdued, be compressed, cease, disappear, be comprised, settle, subside, sleep
Тамильские производные:aṭakku (aṭakki-) to control, repress, hide, conceal, bury; aṭakkam submission, patience, repose, etc.
Малаялам:aṭaŋŋuka
Малаяльское значение:to be pressed down, enclosed, contained, submit, yield, be allayed, calmed
Малаяльские производные:aṭakkuka to press down, subdue, swallow, allay, quiet; aṭakkam being contained; all, whole; self-control, modesty, secrecy
Каннада:aḍaŋgu, aḍagu
Каннада значение:to hide, be concealed, disappear, cease, be quenched, be appeased, be humbled, crouch, be contained in
Каннада производные:aḍaku to press, press into narrower compass, pack, subdue, control; aḍacu to press down, pack, stuff in, be humble, silence, shut as the mouth; aḍaka pressing into narrow compass, contracting, shrinking, hiding oneself, hiding place, being comprehended or contained in, abridgement; akku to subdue, bring under control; tāguḍi an ambush, lurking or hiding place
Кодагу:aḍak- (aḍaki-)
Кодагу значение:to hold in closed hands
Кодагу производные:aḍaka act of bringing within a compass, thriftiness, restrictions at festivals
Тулу:aḍēvuni, aḍēyuni
Тулу значение:to be concealed, hide
Тулу производные:deŋguni to be hidden, concealed, lie in ambush; (B-K.) aḍeŋgụ, ḍeŋgụ to hide; aḍeka small, narrow
Тамильское значение:to collect, gather (as dust), become close, compact, hard (as sand by rain)
Тамильские производные:aṭai-maẓai continuous rain; aṭai-maṇ silt, alluvium; aṭaicu (aṭaici-) to crowd, get close together, shower upon; aṭaical crowded condition, density; aṭar (-v-, -nt-) to be close together, thick, crowded; to press around, hem in; aṭarppam, aṭartti, (PR) aṭarcci closeness, crowdedness; aṭarvu thickness, denseness; aṭi (-pp-, -tt-) to be on the increase, abound; aṭikkaṭi frequently, often; aṭacu (aṭaci-) to be crowded
Малаялам:aṭa-maẓa
Малаяльское значение:incessant rain
Малаяльские производные:aṭal incessant (of rain); aṭikkaṭi repeatedly; aṭṭi keṭṭuka, aṭṭikkuiṭuka to pile up, ram, pack close
Каннада:aḍḍa
Каннада значение:abundance (used of rain)
Каннада производные:aḍar to appear in numbers, to amass (as clouds); aṭṭu state of being crowded or thronged, pressed or squeezed; aṭṭuḷi a crowd, multitude, state of being squeezed; aḍe a sticky, clotty mass, a lump (as of dates, tamarind, sugar, hair, etc.)
Тулу:aṭṭi
Тулу значение:a pile, heap of rice
Тулу производные:aṭāra widespread, as the branches of a tree; aḍarụ copse
Комментарии:Kannada aḍḍa, with a voiced geminate, and Tulu aṭṭi deviate from the general mass of forms with strong verbal suffixes. It is possible that all the stems go back to an original monosyllabic *aṭṭ- (*aḍḍ-?), but contaminations and occasional dialectisms are not excluded either.
Комментарии:A solid SDR root with no outside connections except Telugu. It is tempting to analyse it as a compound (*aḍai- + *[j]āḷ-?], but neither of the two parts makes much sense.
Номер по DED:0089
Праюжно-дравидийский:*aḍai, *aḍai-kal
Значение:support, prop; anvil
Тамильский:aṭai
Тамильское значение:prop. slight support
Тамильские производные:aṭai-kal anvil
Малаялам:aṭa-kkallu
Малаяльское значение:anvil of goldsmiths
Каннада:aḍe, aḍa, aḍi
Каннада значение:the piece of wood on which the five artisans put the article which they happen to operate upon, a support
Комментарии:A common SDR stem (including the compound variant *aḍai-kal "anvil" where *kal = "stone") with a parallel in Telugu. External parallels are problematic; the word may be related to some of the *aḍV-type verbal stems, although semantic connections are unclear.
Комментарии:A compound: *aḍai "betel; areca" + *kāj "fruit". The second root becomes reduced in most languages due to its post-tonic position. For the other compound (*aḍai-kat- "instrument for cracking betel nuts") cf. *kati "knife".
Номер по DED:0088
Праюжно-дравидийский:*aḍai-pa-
Значение:pouch, bag
Тамильский:aṭappam, aṭaippam
Тамильское значение:betel pouch, barber's razor case
Малаялам:aṭappam, aṭappan
Малаяльское значение:betel purse, chunam pouch, barber's dressing case
Каннада:aḍapa, haḍapa
Каннада значение:a small bag, used as a pouch for areca nut and betel leaves, and by barbers as a dressing case
Тулу:aḍapa, haḍapa
Тулу значение:barber's dressing case
Комментарии:A derivative from *aḍai "betel leaf".
Номер по DED:0064
Праюжно-дравидийский:*aḍakai
Значение:a k. of plant/herb
Малаялам:aṭakkā-maṇiyan
Малаяльское значение:Sphaeranthus indicus (maṇiyan a kind of paddy)
